Showing posts with label STDs. Show all posts
Showing posts with label STDs. Show all posts

2/12/2009

Reporting STDs to Your Partner

We all know sex is fun. What we pretend to forget is that sex is also dangerous.

In BDSM as well as in bars, college campuses, and singles' apartments across the world, sex with strangers is a reality. For all Christianity's focus on abstinence until marriage, many Christians have still been exposed to various STDs--perhaps through kissing, fingering, oral or anal sex, premarital sex, extramarital affairs, sharing chapstick, lipstick, or drinks, or any number of ways.

The scary facts are the STDs are real. Even if you have had only one partner, you can have an STD. Even if you have had only two or three partners, you can have an STD. Many people seriously underestimate the risk of having an STD. For example, I've heard a friend say, "I've only had sex with two people." Well, this may be true, but this friend had only had vaginal intercourse with two people. One of them had had three previous partners, none of whose sexual history is known (count: 5). He had also had oral sex with 5 other girls (count: 10), each of whom had performed oral or vaginal sex with one or two other guys (count: 20). He had kissed or made out with an additional 11 girls (count: 31), two of whom had previously had sex (count: 33). So in essence, my friend who claimed to have "had sex" with only two women, has in fact had sexual contact with the various STDs carried by thirty-three different adults, many of them unknown to him and with unknown sexual histories.

If you are sexually active (and by sexually active I mean anal, oral, and manual, not just vaginal), you need to have an STD test. If you do indeed have an STD, you must inform your current partner and all past partners. In fact, in many states this is law. Many American states (including California, Missouri, Washington, and New York) make it a criminal offense to negligently pass on an STD, even one as "harmless" as oral herpes (often called cold sores). In Missouri, one man was sued for not informing his girlfriend he had the disease, and the woman won the case. In 2007, another Missouri man was sentenced to life in prison for not informing his partner he had HIV. You can be prosecuted for failing to inform your partners if you know you have an STD.

Even if you find out too late you carry an STD, you still need to inform your past partners. If doing so over the phone or in person is too scary, there are other services available. The local health department often contacts people who have STDs to make sure they are aware of the situation. Some already offer a service where they will offer to inform past partners for you. If your local department does not, call and ask if they will anonymously inform your exes. The website InSpot also allows the residents of some Canadian and American states to anonymously alert previous partners; InSpot then provides the recipient with information on support, links, and treatment options. If you need to inform past partners anonymously, an anonymous Gmail account can be used to send an email or e-card. Or, simply have someone you trust inform your partner confidentially that they need to be tested.

Also, don't simply trust your partner to tell you. I've made this mistake several times: I asked a man if he had STDs, and he told me no. Some people will purposefully lie in this situation, but I believe my partners had less malicious motives. When I asked them how they knew they had no STD, they often responded that they'd only had one partner (meaning vaginally, of course, and never taking into account how many partners she'd had), that they had given blood recently, or they had received a check-up. To continue, please see part two of this post, common myths about STDs in our world.

For more information, see the following resources:

Common Myths About STDs

STDs (sexually transmitted diseases) are an alarming reality in our society. Many people believe they are safe when, in fact, they are not. I've had partners assure me they were disease free, only to find out too late their idea of "disease free" and mine were completely different. Here are some of the most common myths about STDs today:

Not many people have STDs.
False. 65 million people in the USA have an STD, and 19 million more get affected every year. That's 36 Americans per minute. Put another way, 1 in 5 Americans has an STD.

If I had an STD, I'd know.
False. Many STDs show no symptoms whatsoever. Genital herpes, which affects 1 in 4 adult Americans and is the most common STD, goes undiagnosed in 80% of the people who carry it. 75% of women and 50% of men with chlamydia have no symptoms; 60-80% of females with gonorreah have no symptoms. With diseases such as trichomoniasis, human papillomavirus (HPV), and HIV/AIDS, people can be infected for years and transfer the disease without having any symptoms whatsoever. Genital herpes, HPV, and Hepatitis B are all STDs that can go undetected because there may be no symptoms, only mild and undetected symptoms, or sores that are located inside the vagina, penis, or anus and are never noticed by the carrier.

I've had my yearly checkup, donated blood, or had bloodwork done by the Army. If I had an STD, they would have notified me.
False. Yearly exams at a doctor's office or gynecologist will not test you for STDs unless you specifically ask for it, even if you have bloodwork done. You must specifically ask for many STD tests. Likewise, giving blood to a charitable organization such as the Red Cross does not ensure your blood will be checked for STDs. Due to money and time constraints, these organizations will often only scan blood for HIV and a few other "major" STDs; unless you have one of them, you will not be informed of your infection. Another common myth is that the U.S. Army annually tests its soldiers for all STDs. In fact, the yearly blood tests done by the Army only test for HIV unless the soldier specifically asks for other tests to be run.

I'm a virgin, so I can't have an STD.
False. The current definition of "virgin" often refers to a vaginal virgin. However, sexually transmitted diseases can be contracted through oral and anal sex just as easily as through vaginal. For example, genital and oral herpes can both be transmitted through oral sex. HPV and genital warts can be transmitted through fingers or skin-to-skin contact (i.e. fingering, hand jobs, cuddling with your legs entwined, etc.).

Okay, I mean I'm a real virgin--I haven't done anything sexual. I can't have an STD, right?
False. Many diseases can be transfered through salivia and kissing, including herpes. Hepatitis B has been transmitted through sharing a razor with an infected person, unsterilized tattoo needles, kissing, and coming into contact with an infected person's saliva. Trichonimiasis can actually be transmitted through any damp object, such as a towel, toilet seat, or wet clothing.

Even if I get an STD, they are all treatable.
False. While everyone knows HIV isn't curable, what is less known is that none of the viral STDs can be cured. This includes HPV, genital herpes, some strains of Hepatitis B, and HIV/AIDS.

I use condoms every time I have sex, so I don't have an STD.
False. Condoms are meant to stop sperm, not diseases. A virus or bacteria is much smaller than sperm cells and can pass through a condom; condoms are not an effective barrier against sexually transmitted diseases. However, some protection is better than none, so you should always engage in protected sex.

I've only had one partner, so I don't have an STD.
False. First, many people mean "one vaginal partner" or "one anal partner" when they say this, and do not take into account the many people they have kissed, shared food and drink with, shared razors, clothes, or towels with, sat on the toilet after, had oral sex with, or received manual sex from. Likewise, many people completely fail to take into account the partners of their partner, and those people's partners, and those people's partners, and so on.

I have an STD, but I can't transmit it to my partner when I'm not having an "outbreak."
While your infection is more transferable during an outbreak, it is always transferable, even years after your last outbreak. You should still inform potential partners and use protection.

STDs can't be transmitted through fingering or jacking off.
False. While it is easier to get an STD through oral, anal, or vaginal sex than through manual sex, it is still possible. For example, HPV (the cancer-causing and wart-causing virus) can be transferred through the fingers.

Cold sores aren't an STD.
False. Cold sores are another name for oral herpes, which is an STD. Oral herpes can also be transferred through kissing, sharing chapstick or lipstick, oral sex, or touching the cold sores. (Cold sores are, however, different from canker sores, which are not an STD.)

Even if I get an STD, it won't affect my life.
Sometimes this is true--you get diagnosed, receive treatment, and move on. Many bacterial, and some fungal and parasitical, infections can be treated and cured. Others will affect your life--and your partner's life--forever. For example, chlamydia can scar the fallopian tubes, resulting in infertility. It can also contribute to cervical cancer. Gonorrhea, when left untreated, can result in infection to the heart, nervous system, muscles, and joints, as well as contribute to miscarriage in pregnant women. Hepatitis B and herpes can infect and kill the infants of infected mothers during birth, and some adults with Hepatitis B and C can contract liver disease and liver cancer, resulting in death. Genital herpes can also cause premature delivery in pregnant mothers. HPV is the primary cause of cervical cancer, and more than a third of women who develop this cancer will die from it. HPV can also cause penile, oral, anal, and vulvar cancer, as well as develop fatal warts in the throats of infected infants. Syphilis, when left untreated, can cause paralysis, blindness, and numbness for adults, as well as result in stillborn or premature delivery for infants. HIV causes an immune system deficiency that results in fatal illnesses, cancers, and diseases. In addition to the danger of illness and death, plus the many risks to unborn fetuses, many of these STDs also result in painful urination, genital inflammation, and pain or burning during intercourse. For your safety, the safety of your partners, and the health of your future children, please get tested regularly.


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